Evaporation boat is a general term for all evaporation vessels, mainly used in vacuum evaporation processes to melt metals such as aluminum and copper. Applications include aluminum plating of packaging materials, metallization coating of capacitors, display screen coating, and thin-film coating in new energy industries.
What can an evaporation boat be used for
Vacuum evaporation deposition of packaging materials, metallization coatings for capacitors, display screen coatings, hot stamping coatings, anti-counterfeiting coatings, reflective coatings, and aluminizing of paper and textiles. Mainly depositing some metal materials such as aluminum, copper, silver, and gold ect.
How to choose the right evaporation boat and crucible to optimize the coating process?
Properly selecting the evaporation boat and crucible during the coating process is a common and crucial issue. Evaporation boats, due to their simple structure and ease of operation, are the most commonly used evaporation source. Suitable materials include tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, and niobium, while conductive ceramic materials such as graphite and conductive boron nitride are also favored.
It is worth noting that tungsten, molybdenum, and tantalum may become brittle due to recrystallization at high temperatures, requiring careful selection. On the other hand, there are many types of crucibles, including tungsten crucibles, molybdenum crucibles, tantalum crucibles, copper crucibles, graphite crucibles, alumina crucibles, and conductive boron nitride crucibles. Selection must be based on a comprehensive consideration of the specific materials and coating requirements.
Characteristics and applications of resistance evaporation boats of different Materials
In modern industrial production, resistance evaporation boats are core components in processes such as vacuum coating and high-temperature treatment, and their performance and shape have a crucial impact on production quality and efficiency. Resistance evaporation boats of different materials and shapes play irreplaceable roles in various fields due to their unique physicochemical properties.
Commonly Used Resistance Evaporation Boats As Follows:
(1) Tungsten Evaporation Boats
Tungsten evaporation boats stand out for their superior physical properties. They possess high density, high melting point, high strength, and high hardness, while also exhibiting advantages such as low evaporation rate and low vapor pressure. This allows them to operate stably in complex environments requiring high temperature resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, and they also possess excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. These characteristics make tungsten evaporation boats crucial in the vacuum coating and vacuum annealing industries.
In gold plating processes, tungsten evaporation boats provide a stable high-temperature environment for gold evaporation, ensuring a uniform and robust gold plating layer.
In the manufacturing processes of evaporators, cathode ray tube mirrors, and heating containers, their high-temperature resistance and excellent thermal conductivity ensure smooth process execution.
Electron beam painting, vacuum coating processes in household appliances, consumer electronics, semiconductors, and various decorative items also rely heavily on tungsten evaporation boats.
(2) Molybdenum Evaporation Boat
Molybdenum is a chemically stable metal, making molybdenum evaporation boats ideal for high-temperature environments. When doped with lanthanum oxide, the ductility and corrosion resistance of molybdenum evaporation boats are further enhanced, resulting in superior performance. In industrial applications, molybdenum evaporation boats primarily serve coating technology, the electronics industry, and power engineering.
In coating technology, they allow for precise control of the evaporation process of metallic materials, forming high-quality coatings.
In the electronics industry, they are used to manufacture components requiring extremely high stability and high-temperature resistance.
In the production of capacitors, nuclear fuels, and thermocouple housings, the stability of molybdenum evaporation boats ensures reliable product quality.
(3) Tantalum Evaporation Boat
Tantalum has a very low vapor pressure and a slow evaporation rate. It possesses advantages such as a high melting point, high strength, long lifespan, high temperature resistance, and high corrosion resistance. It is used to manufacture heating elements, insulation components, and charging vessels for vacuum blast furnaces.
In the chemical industry, it can be used to manufacture cookers, heaters, coolers, and various vessels and devices. It also has wide applications in the aerospace, aviation, and medical device industries.
how to Use evaporation boat?
1. Ensure both rows of clamps are aligned and their surfaces are smooth.
2. Use graphite paper on the end faces or sides to ensure good electrical contact and heat conduction.
3. When heating a new boat for the first time, place a section of aluminum wire in the center of the groove to accurately determine the temperature of the evaporation boat (Note: This method cannot be used when using a triangular boat without grooves).
4. The contact point of the aluminum wire should be located between 1/3 and half the length of the boat.
5. Do not heat the new boat too quickly during the first heating to avoid affecting the venting process.
6. When using a new boat for the first time, gradually increase the aluminum feeding speed from approximately 75% of the normal speed while gradually decreasing the power to achieve a larger liquid aluminum spreading area.
